Clinicians must recognise the risks and refer patients for periodontal care periodontal diseases are localised gingival infections that affect most adults at some time in their lives. In analyzing data from a longitudinal study of more than 1100 men, hayes c et al. It damages alveolar bone the bone of the jaw in which the roots of the teeth are connected and the periodontal ligaments that hold the roots in place. Three examiners extracted data from articles with a clear. Today there is enough evidence to establish whether necrotizing ulcerative necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis and periodontitistwo unique diseases or different stages of the same disease that progresses from the results of the contest on the stump. Gingivitis and periodontitis are inflammation of the gums and teeth respectively.
To assess longterm attachment and periodontitisrelated tooth loss ptl in untreated periodontal disease over 40 years. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. The first is called gingivitis, which is mild inflammation of the gums. Creactive protein levels are found to be high in both patients with periodontitis and those with cardiovascular disease. Periodontal diseases comprise a wide range of inflammatory conditions that affect the supporting structures of the teeth the gingiva, bone and periodontal ligament, which could lead to tooth. Mar 27, 20 etiology of periodontal disease the clinical manifestations of periodontal disease result form a complex interplay between bacteria found in dental plaque and the host tissues. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Necrotizing periodontal npd include necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis contest and necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis nup. It can be found as a depression or as a sharply defined fissure extending up to 56 mm of length. Genetics and oral health american dental association.
Tobacco contains chemicals that can slow the healing process. Epidemology, etiology and prevention of periodontal disease 1. Bacteria periodontal disease is caused by plaque bacteria. All about symptoms, risk and treatment mangan dental group dr. Periodontal disease is the scientific name used to describe gum disease. Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection of the periodontium and that bacteria are the primary etiology agents in periodontal disease. Gum disease all about symptoms, risk and treatment. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. In this, destruction of alveolar bone by the formation of subgingival pockets.
Plaque is the principal etiological factor in most all forms of periodontal disease. Periodontal is the area around the tooth, whereas periodontitis, simply stated, is a common gum disease. New knowledge of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease antonio bascones, md, dds, phdvjorge gamonal, dds, phdmaria gomez, phdv. For example, we know that periodontal disease occurs in a relatively small but significant percentage of the u. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases pocket dentistry. Other studies showed that women with gum disease were more likely than those with healthy gums to deliver preterm, low birth weight babies. For example, bacteroides gingivalis appears to be a major etiologic organism in many. Ppt acute periodontal conditions powerpoint presentation. Although it is not possible to attribute the etiology of periodonta l diseases to a specific bacteria agent, there. In periodontology, the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis are related but tend to be described separately, and although the clinical and histological changes that occur are well known, the details of. These are characterized histologically by acute inflammation, witb a significant increase in the number of neutrophils. Etiology of periodontal diseases linkedin slideshare.
Original articles that reported on the risk factors for periodontal disease were included. New knowledge of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. On october 30november 2, 1999, the american acade my of periodontology assembled an international workshop for a classification of periodontal diseases and conditions, which resulted in a new classification. Periodontal disease is the most common infectious disease of adult dogs. If the periodontal pockets are deep and the supporting bone is lost, surgery may be necessary to help prevent tooth loss. Calculus tartar may form from calcification of plaque above or below the gum line, and the plaque that collects on. Combination of antibiotics along with mechanical removal of subgingival plaque and inflamed periodontal tissues is needed to counteract the effects of leukocyte defect and pathogenicity of involved organisms. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. The pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal disease. All of these theories have been substantiated by other researchers,24 indicating that although bacteria are essential for periodontal disease to occur, other factors may play a signi. When patients are first diagnosed with it, they often ask dr. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Many adults, however, develop some type of periodontal, or gum, diseasean infection of the tissues that support their teeth. Inflammatory disease is the commonest form,usually called peridontitis or marginal periodontitis.
Pathogenesis is the sequence of events leading to the occurrence of a disease. Research suggests that individuals with good diabetes control a1c periodontal disease compared to individuals with an a1c 8. Periodontal disease is a common dental disorder that most people are unaware that they have. Epidemiology of periodontal disease linkedin slideshare. Recent advances in periodontal diagnosis and treatment. Treatment of periodontal disease treatment options for periodontal disease may vary depending on the extent and severity of tissue destruction. But so far, it has not been determined whether gum disease is the cause of these conditions. Professor of oral histology and pathology, university of pennsylvania, school of dentistry, philadelphia, pennsylvania. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease involving the destruction of both soft and. Mar 10, 2016 noninflammatory destructive periodontal disease nidpd, was defined as a harmful periodontal disease distinguished by the loss of the gingival and periodontal attachment, alveolar bone loss without the detection of a significant level of the periodontopathogenic bacteria, the gingival inflammation or periodontal pocket development 20, 21.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and periodontal disease share similar pathogenic mechanisms. Current concepts infectious agents causing periodontal diseases complexity of the problem pathogens may result from the disease rather than the cause two or more species act together. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Recent studies regarding down syndrome cell adhesion molecule dscam provide further evidence for increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral diseases in down syndrome. The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview of current knowledge relating to the pathogenesis of. Proceedings of the world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri. Steve mangan 2011 north van buren street, little rock, ar 72207 introduction. Treating periodontal disease lowers creactive protein levels, and could. Generally, patients with localized disease show stable course, while those with generalized disease continue to lose pdl attachment and. The role of smoking as a contributory factor in the progression of the periodontal disease process has long. Connections between the diseases in the periodontium and general health are described in detail. The main objective of periodontal therapy is to eliminate all the disease causing bacteria and regenerate the supporting structures of the affected tooth. Although bacteria are a necessary factor in the equation, the reaction of the hosts immunoinflammatory system is. Data originated from the natural history of periodontitis study in sri lankan tea labourers first examined in 1970.
Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Disease a pathological condition of a part, organ, or system of an organism resulting from various causes, such as infection, genetic defect, or environmental stress, and characterized by an. The complement system is important in periodontal disease, as is the role it plays in. Periodontal disease and poor health outcomes the bmj. Treatment of periodontal disease seattle periodontics and. Recent evidence indicates that we need to change how we think about the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. This work aimed to synthesize the results of recent metaanalysis focusing on polymorphism in inflammatory mediators and its relation with the risk of periodontitis development. It differs from chronic periodontitis cp depending on age of onset of the disease, rate of progression of the disease, structure and composition of the associated. Chicago june 21, 2018 the american academy of periodontology aap has published the official proceedings from the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and periimplant diseases and conditions. Periodontal disease is not just one disease, but a complex of several types of diseases caused by infection of the periodontium that supports the teeth, and results in chronic inflammation and eventually tooth loss. You may be referred to a periodontist, a dentist who specializes in the treatment of diseases that affect the supporting structures of the teeththe gum and bone tissuefor treatment. T cells and b cells is the presentation of antigen by specialized apcs to t.
Periodontal disease prevention please note that the information contained in these archived press releases, while accurate at the time of release, may not be the most current information available today. Etiological factors in periodontal disease are classified into two broad categories, depending on their specific origin. Informational paper the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The main etiologic factor of periodontal disease is bacteria which substantially harbor the human oral cavity. Inflammatory and immune pathways in the pathogenesis of. The initial sample comprised 1404 pregnant women seeking prenatal care at the university hospital of. The other, more serious, form of gum disease is called. The cytokine network involved in the host immune response to. These proceedings provide a comprehensive update to the previous disease.
It is a progressive, cyclical inflammatory disease of the supporting structures of the teeth and is the main cause of dental disease and early tooth loss in dogs and cats. Essentials of periodontal medicine in preventive medicine. Periodontal disease and its systemic associated diseases. These new developments may also offer the clinician additional information for treatment planning. The workshop was planned and conducted jointly by the american academy of periodontology and the european federation of periodontology with financial support from the american. The disease progression model points to a periodic or episodic phenomenon, with periods of quiescence, when neither periodontal destruction occurs nor periods of exacerbation and destruction of the periodontal structures. Gingivitis is related to dental plaque and manifests as superficial redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums. Upon completion of this course, the clinician will be able to. Updates include staging and grading system for periodontitis. In their paper periodontal diseases and dental caries in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the authors considered the literature linking these two conditions. A better understanding of the causal relationship between risk factors and occurrence of disease, epidemiologic studies form the basis. Genetic factors and the risk of periodontitis development. A systematic search was conducted using databases for publications prior to october 2016.
Periodontitis, a chronic oral infectious disease, appears to occur as a result of a dysregulated host immune response elicited by subgingival microorganisms occurring in the dental biofilm. Dumitrescu etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases request pdf. Mar 27, 20 epidemiology the epidemology of periodontal disease is one of the most important challengesthere are 3 main type of chronic destructive periodontal disease. Understand the pathogenesis of periodontal disease 2. Periodontal disease, like caries, is complex and multifactorial, but shares more of a direct link with overall health, so that risk factors such as smoking and diabetes can significantly contribute to its etiology. Periodontal disease is a complex, multifactorial disease that occurs in periodontal tissue 8, and most studies on the causes of periodontal diseases have mainly focused on the dominant bacteria. A better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases provides clinicians and researchers with a number of new diagnostic techniques and treatment alternatives. An extreme condition such as loss of teeth is mostly. Etiology of periodontal diseases my dental hygiene education. Ppt periodontal overview powerpoint presentation free to. This disease often starts with plaque, a sticky substance composed mainly of bacteria.
Immuno microbial pathogenesis of periodontal disease slideshare. The main function of dendritic cells is presentation of antigen to other cells of the. Usually it is divided into surgical and nonsurgical treatment. Etiology of periodontal disease linkedin slideshare. The bacterial etiology of destructive periodontal disease. When gums are healthy, they continue to fit snugly around the teeth. The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases is mediated by the inflammatory. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys bone and gum tissues that support the teeth. You dont have to lose teeth to periodontal diseases. Periodontal diseases and cancer the lancet oncology. The bacteria that cause periodontal disease thrive in acidic environments. Pathology of periodontal disease cosish centre of oral systemic. These deposits can be readily visualised with vegetable or synthetic dyes in disclosing solutions, and can become calci. The helpful bacteria are usually known as gram positive aerobic bacteria.
Etiology of periodontal disease primary etiology initiating factors secondary etiology predisposing factors microbial effect host response local predisposing factor systemic predisposing factors 111111991144 oossssaammaa eellsshhaallll 1144 15. Periodontitis pyorrhea is as result of multiplication of bacteria in the mouth. Teeth are supported by the gums, or gingiva and bone. The etiology of periodontal disease boyle 1953 the. A health care provider can test blood for creactive protein levels, which is a sign of inflammation. If this condition is left unattended then periodontal disease, in its extremity means loss of your teeth. Proceedings of the world workshop on the classification of. Destructive periodontal disease columbia university. Host responses host responses in periodontal diseases citeseerx. Diseases children and adolescents can have any of the several forms of periodontitis as described in the proceedings of the 1999 international workshop for a classi. However, it is also important to remember that in clinical practice, when a patient with periodontal disease requires dental hygiene care, the. If you use tobacco, ask your dentist or physician for information about how to successfully stop the habit. Introduction a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and bone supporting the teeth periodontal diseases range from simple gum inflammation to serious disease that results in major damage to the soft tissue and bone that support the teeth. The periodontal disease is a chronic and degenerative disease that affects and remains localized on gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone.
It may form on teeth, mucosa or other solid surfaces. Feb 07, 2019 periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys bone and gum tissues that support the teeth. Stillmans cleft is a mucogingival triangularshaped defect predominantly seen on the buccal surface of a root, first described by stillman as a recession related to occlusal trauma, either associated with marginal gingivitis or with mild periodontitis. Periodontitis periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease, which includes gingivitis along with loss of connective tissue and bone support for the teeth. Introduction gum disease is the swelling, pain or infection of the tissues supporting the teeth. Advanced forms of periodontal disease that lead to loss of soft tissue and alveolar bone are known collectively as periodontitis. Inflammatory processes can underlie the etiology of several pathological conditions ranging from metabolic to infectious diseases. Lee 4 microbiota associated with periodontal health, gingivitis, and advanced periodontal disease 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% healthy supragingival gingivitis crevicluar gramnegative rods grampositive rods gramnegative cocci grampositive cocci development of dental plaque biofilm.
Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Environmental and other modifying factors of the periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is considered to have multiple. Periodontal disease and diabetes what is periodontal disease. Lee 2 dental plaque biofilm infection ecological point of view ecological community evolved for survival as a whole complex community of more than 400 bacterial species dynamic equilibrium between bacteria and a host defense adopted survival strategies favoring growth in plaque selection of pathogenic bacteria among. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf by alexandrina l. A tooths root is anchored to the bone within its socket by fibers called periodontal ligaments. Prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in. As with most diseases, prevention is better than a cure. Periodontal damage is almost certainly the direct consequence of colonization in the gingival sulcus by organisms within dental plaque. Oct 08, 2012 periodontal disease and respiratory system. Periodontal surveys enable the determination of the prevalence, extent and severity of the periodontal diseases in populations and can generally be conducted in reasonable time frame at relatively moderate cost. In addition, il6 transpresentation in mil6rexpressing dcs. Periodontal diseases comprise a wide range of inflammatory conditions that affect the supporting structures of the teeth the gingiva, bone and periodontal ligament, which could lead to.
Know the risk factors for periodontal disease and the factors that may play a role in responsiveness to periodontal therapy 3. Etiologic factors of earlyonset periodontal disease in down. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that. Most periodontal disease arises from, or is aggravated by, accumulation of plaque, and periodontitis is associated particularly with anaerobes such as porphyromonas gingivalis, bacteroides forsythus, and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Oct 18, 2015 etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf by alexandrina l. Brush, clean between your teeth, eat a balanced diet, avoid tobacco and schedule regular. American academy of periodontology releases proceedings. Prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in primary care 7 management of patients with dental implants 51 7. Periodontal disease affects many americans and is the major cause of adult tooth loss. Periodontal diseases range from simple gum inflammation to serious disease those results in major damage to the soft tissue and bone that support the teeth. Aggressive periodontitis agp is a disease characterized by rapid loss of periodontal tissues affecting systemically healthy individuals during adolescence and adulthood, and forms a group of periodontal diseases. The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases this informational paper was prepared by the research, science, and therapy committee of the american academy of periodontology, and is intended for the information of the dental profession. Dental calculus provides a surface for plaque to attach.
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